Carlos is an Adjunct Professor and Coordinator of Research Groups for Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development in the Institute of Economics at the National University of Rio de Janeiro. His areas of interest include climate change, socio-economic causes of biodiversity loss, trade, energy, sustainable development, economic instruments for environmental management, environmental accounting, and natural resource valuation. He has published a range of work on these topics. He also served as President of the Brazilian Society of Ecological Economics. Carlos holds a master's degree in Economics from the Institute of Industrial Economics at the National University Rio de Janeiro.